C++ Programming :: science

C++ Programming NOTES ON C++ weapons platformming Module 1 Pointers and Memory Management NOTES ON C++ syllabus Module 1 Pointers and Memory Management dishearten OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 OVERVIEW 4 BASIC MEMORY MANAGEMENT 5 GROUP ASSIGNMENT 6 INITIALIZATION 8 CONSTANTS 9 step-up AND DECREMENT OPERATORS 10 ELSE-IF 13 SWITCH 14 LOOPS 15 EXAMPLES OF LOOPS 16 BREAK, CONTINUE 18 RETURN 19 FUNCTION DEFINITION 21 VOID FUNCTIONS 22 FUNCTIONS RETURNING A VALUE 23 OVERVIEW Algorithms A step-by-step sequence of instructions that describes how to perform a computation. Answers the question What rule will you use to solve this computational problem? Flowcharts Provides a graphical office of the algorithm development the symbols. Structure Charts Provides a pictorial representation of the modules contained in the program. Programming Style Standard form Function call starts in column 1 and is placed with the required parentheses on a line by itself. The opening brace of the lean body follows on the next line and is placed under the first letter of the function name. The closing brace is placed by itself in column 1 as the last line of the function. The final form of your programs should be consistent and should always serve as an aid to the reading and understanding of your programs. Comments instructive remarks made within a program. Help clarify what the complete program is about, what a specific group of statements is meant to accomplish, or what one line is think to do. Top-Down Program Development 1. Determine the desired output items that the program must produce. 2. Determine the input items 3. Design the program as follows a. carry an algorithm for transforming the input items into the desired outputs. b. Check the chosen algorithm, by hand, exploitation specific input values. 4. Code the algorithm into C. 5. Test the program using selected test data. BASIC MEMORY MANAGEMENT Space set deviation for the variable Characters 1 byte (8 bits) Pointers 4 bytes Integers 2 bytes (16 bits) or 4 bytes (32 bits) swindle int or short 2 bytes Unsigned int or unsigned 2 bytes Long Integers 4 bytes Floats 4 bytes(single precision, about 7 decimal places) multiply 8 bytes( twin precision, about 15 decimal places) Type Space a) double *values __________________ ________________________ b) long x1000 __________________ ________________________ c) char *s = hang __________________ ________________________ d) char s = string __________________ ________________________ e) char *name 10 __________________ ________________________